摘要：Sparse Learning has attracted much attention in recent years. There are two classes of methods: convex relaxation such as L1 regularization and greedy algorithms. Although the former has received more attention in the machine learning community, my opinion is that the latter approach is more flexible and powerful. This talk will discuss variations of greedy algorithms in the context of sparse recovery.

简介: Tong Zhang received a B.A. in mathematics and computer science from Cornell University in 1994 and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Stanford University in 1998. After graduation, he worked at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, and Yahoo Research in New York city. He is currently a statistics professor at Rutgers University. His research interests include machine learning, algorithms for statistical computation, their mathematical analysis and applications.

前面提到的一些问题，涉及其实只是城市人口活得好不好的问题，而粮食问题则是所有人能不能活下去的问题。如果说房子卖不起，咱可以蜗居、可以蚁族；如果说股市亏钱太多，您别提那个，有钱往股市里砸其实是一种幸福。但是，假如，我们卖不起大米小麦？那么将会怎样？

GDP可以制造，农业产量也可能“被增长”或着“被持平”，但是饭菜多寡的“事实”一定要让全中国人的胃去检验的。这个做不了假。现阶段当然不必担心我们会向某时期那么样饿死不可计数的人，但是维持了6年的粮食持续增产势头如果一如股市的曲线那样一泻千里，事情将会怎样发展？请思考下古代历史事件。

农业产量，不是谁重视一下就可以立即提高的，它和自然环境、人文环境、科学技术等等几乎所有的社会、经济因素牵扯在一起，或许就是“国运”、或者“气数”之类的词概括的内容吧。因为影响因素是在太多，当它的曲线执意要下滑的时候，实际上是不以人的意志为转移的。

所以，我真心的、默默的祝福，风调雨顺、五谷丰登！

附：相关新闻稿

夏粮七年来首遭减产 CPI压力增大

本文来源于《财经网》　 2010年06月29日 18:45

夏粮连续6年的增产态势首遭逆转，中国粮食产量在连续6年增产之后亦面临瓶颈

【《财经》记者 姚佳威】《财经》记者自农业部了解到，今年夏粮收割工作已近尾声，预计今年夏粮总产将达12300多万吨，接近去年夏粮12335万吨的产量水平，未能实现增产。

夏粮连续6年的增产态势首遭逆转，中国粮食产量在连续6年增产之后亦面临瓶颈。业内人士普遍关注，不乐观的粮食产量是否会给CPI带来更大压力。

夏粮未能增产，全年粮食生产也不容乐观。农科院环境与可持续发展研究所减灾室主任李茂松向《财经》记者表示，今年中国自然灾害是建国60年来最严重的年份之一，更是新世纪最严重的一年，干旱、洪涝、寒潮等恶劣天象频繁发生，具有范围广、时间长和程度深的特点。

“秋短冬长春更短”是今年夏粮生产面临最严峻的气候形势。小麦主产区遭遇20多年来首个“冷冬”，冬季全国平均气温创22年以来最低。开春后，大部分地区再次遭遇持续低温天气。

李茂松认为，在如此年景之下，2010年全年粮食产量难以实现大幅增产。

农业部官员向《财经》记者透露，今年自然条件不佳，夏粮产量能够与去年基本持平，未出现较大幅度下滑已属来之不易。在解释减产原因时，农业部用了两个“超乎寻常”来形容： “超乎寻常的政策扶持、超乎寻常的行政推动和管理措施”。

截止到2009年，中国粮食总产量和夏粮产量均以连续六年增产，农业部农村经济研究中心研究员方华向记者表示，作为影响CPI的重要变量，虽然粮价对CPI的影响程度目前学界仍未达成共识，二者联动机制亦比较复杂，但粮食产量稳定对于CPI的稳定具有重要作用不容质疑。

方华称，之前中国粮食连续六年增产，但粮食价格并未大幅降低，其原因在于粮食市场需求近年来亦步步走高。中国粮食需求主要包括食用、饲料用和深加工，这三部分之中，后两部分需求显著提高，因此即使粮食产量基本持平，在需求旺盛的情况之下，缺口也将增大，给价格造成上行压力。■

（主管编辑 王延春 网络编辑 张春辉）

软件下载地址: http://www.eure.ca/

因为很多软件在设计的时候都会保存信息到Documents目录或者使用注册表项,所以从零开始制作优盘移动软件很难,幸好有Portable Apps项目,该项目已经把很多热门软件移动化,我利用这些程序制作自己的U3软件,就非常简单了. 首先下载需要的软件,安装,(路径可以选择安装在硬盘上,安装速度快)

本文末尾提供了我制作的二十几个u3p文件,您可以直接下载.

使用方法:

1,启动界面

2,点击右下角Advanced Mode (Wizard Mode我不会用,会出错)进入下图界面

3,点击Host Folder,然后Add File: 找到Portable Apps安装目录下面的主exe文件,例如Songbird Portable.exe

4,程序自己解析该exe,提取名称,图标,版本信息等

5,再返回Host Folder

6,增加Portable Apps 目录下所有相关的子目录

7,回到Summary界面,点击Create a U3P file, 界面如下,过一会儿一个你自己制作的U3安装软件.u3p就出来了.

这个.u3p就可以安装在U3launchpad里面了.

下面提供我制作的文件,省得大家重复劳动.

7-ZipPortable (11)

AudacityPortable (7)

BonkEncPortable (8)

ClamWinPortable (8)

ConvertAllPortable (8)

EraserDropPortable (8)

EraserPortable (7)

FoxitReaderPortable (9)

GIMPPortable (7)

GoogleChromePortable (7)

GVimPortable (7)

InfraRecorder Portable (9)

MirandaPortable (7)

MozillaFirefoxPortableEdition (9)

MozillaThunderbirdPortableEdition (10)

NotepadPortable (8)

PidginPortable (7)

PuTTYPortable (9)

SongbirdPortable (7)

SpyDLLRemoverPortable (8)

SumatraPDFPortable (8)

TeamViewerPortable (8)

WinDirStatPortable (10)

WinMergePortable (9)

朱文昊 按：原文转自华尔街日报网站：
http://cn.wsj.com/gb/20100629/opn075927.asp

过去两年，中国经济像是一道灿烂的光芒，如果没有它，世界经济的前景将变得晦暗不明。在出口走弱的情况下，很大程度上依靠政府的刺激措施，这个国家得以维持了一种不错的增长率。这似乎说明，它可以不受其他地区的大势影响。但在目前，美国的消费仍然停滞不前，欧盟(European Union)也面临着一连串的主权债务危机，在这种环境下，分析师们对中国的增长轨迹再次感到怀疑，而且怀疑得不无道理：虽然前面的刺激措施取得了成功，但北京手中的良方正变得越来越少。

中央政府再也不能够承受人为地提振需求，同时又避免国内经济出现危险的失衡。2009年1月至12月注入价值9.6万亿元（合1.4万亿美元）的新增贷款，已经在房地产市场吹起泡沫，并在大型国有银行和规模更小的银行积累了不良资产。据官方估计，仅向财务不佳的地方投资公司发放的贷款，目前就已经达到了六万亿元，但这有可能存在低估。

为应对这些问题，近期有关部门对浪费性的公共基础设施和住房投资实施了限制，但针对后者需要进行谨慎的权衡。房地产投资刺激了建筑业，也刺激了钢铁、水泥、家具和家电等相关行业。即使房地产市场的投机需求只有两成，倘若房价下跌，投机客突然撤离，那么市场将会出现一个巨大的空洞。这样一种结果，将给很多行业带来沉重的连锁打击。

中国同样不能依赖外界来提振增长。上个月的出口数据无疑是强劲的，但世界对中国出口商品的需求不会回到危机前的高水平。近几个季度美国经济增长走强，但有可能再次走软，并将背负更加沉重的税收和监管负担。欧盟国家也面临着沉重的债务负担和社会动荡。而如果中国国内经济陷入泥潭，国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)等机构是没法出手提供缓冲的，它们没有那么大的实力。

即使中国经济放缓，通货膨胀水平仍将高企。去年的刺激措施造成流动性过剩，引起了通胀压力。政策制定者基本上维持利率不变，而关注于提高存款准备金率等其他形式的监管紧缩，这又进一步加剧了通胀风险。整个经济体在土地、年轻劳动力和原材料方面面临着越来越严重的结构性短缺。这样来看，中文媒体中“滞胀”一词用得越来越多，也就不足为奇。

政策制定者可用于处理这些问题的选择正越来越少。要是在上一轮刺激过后马上再来新一轮刺激，则有可能导致不良债务以更快的速度增加，让人不安地想起世界其他地方发生的事情，同时也只会进一步加剧通胀压力。如果不把增长引擎从出口转变为国内消费的提高，中国的增长就仍然很容易受到外部因素的影响。这种转变正在进行，但进展缓慢。

刺破房地产市场泡沫亦无良方可言。北京曾试图紧缩信贷、进一步限制二套房和三套房的持有，但近期措施没有触及房地产泡沫的基本成因：储蓄率居高不下，严格的资本管制导致资金囿于国内，房地产之外的其他投资选项十分有限。直到政策制定者在这些方面做出艰难的政策选择，他们才不至于在投机和过热面前显得被动。

在通胀方面，最大的危险是央行行动过迟。农业收成高延缓了居民消费价格水平的上升速度，但目前的扩张正造成包括工资和贱金属在内的各种非食品价格大幅上涨。如果央行不尽快加息，这最终无疑会渗入经济体的其他部门。另外，干旱等自然灾害这种非眼前的风险始终是存在的，如果发生，通胀预期会出现很大程度的恶化。

在全球危机过后不久，人们一般认为，北京找到办法让中国避开了危机的最严重阶段。但中国看起来难以驾驭的问题越来越多，说明政策制定者只是延缓了清算日的到来，但终究不能逃脱。他们以创纪录的速度把资金注入经济体，造成了一系列新的问题，如果不做出一些艰难的决定，这些问题将难以得到纠正。最最艰难的决定尚待做出。

作者贝哲民（Ben Simpfendorfer）为苏格兰皇家银行(Royal Bank of Scotland)首席中国经济学家，《新丝绸之路》(The New Silk Road)（Palgrave Macmillan出版，2009年）作者。

By Peggy Albright

朱文昊按：本文转自
http://www.computer.org/portal/web/buildyourcareer/HS17
需要指出的是，虽然通篇充满溢美之词，但是文章最后一段作者透露出来的弦外之音，还是发人深思。建立一个有良好秩序和信用的商业体系，才是可持续发展的基础。希望随着时代进步，越来越多的中国IT从业者们不以IT民工自居，而能像美国工程师那样自豪的称自己为Professional。不论China是不是真的这么强大，我们大部分的业内人士如果不能体面、自豪地活着，那么只能说这个业界，整体还是很失败的。

Nobody questions that China is the center of the world when it comes to manufacturing. But in the last few decades, as it’s opened its economy and participated in global markets, China has also sought to become a center of high-tech innovation. It’s already proven itself a major tech player and formidable competitor. For those pursuing IT and software careers in the country, there’s a lot to be excited about.

“China is emerging as a technology power, and what comes with that is opportunity. For us, it is like a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to be a part of it,” said Hong-Jiang Zhang, managing director of Microsoft Advanced Technology Center, chief technology officer for Microsoft Asia-Pacific Research and Development Group, and one of 10 distinguished scientists at Microsoft.

Unmatched potential

A talent base that Zhang says is on par with the US and India is one reason for the excitement about China’s technology development. Each year, a quarter-million college students graduate in China with IT degrees. Furthermore, as domestic businesses grow and multinationals like Microsoft expand operations, Zhang said many Chinese professionals who pursued education and career opportunities elsewhere are returning to help “make a difference.

China’s broad market reach is an even bigger draw. The country has 800 million mobile subscribers and 298 million Internet users, more than any other country. And it’s working hard to develop its telecommunications infrastructure, partnering with foreign firms to help expand its telecommunications networks and as restructure its domestic telecommunications industry to consolidate its previous six operators into three: China Telecom, China Mobile and China Unicom.

The country is regionally diverse, and its provinces and cities have distinct personalities that influence migration patterns, transportation and communications infrastructure, and the types of businesses and industries they can support. The market diversity, broad reach, and scale create sizeable and varied IT, Web and mobile services opportunities.

Special economic zones

Despite liberalization, China is still a planned economy, a structure reflected in its technology industries and markets. The country likes to promote specific industries in individual regions to influence business and commerce.

One early example of this is the city of Shenzhen, identified as a “special economic zone” in the late 1970s and 80s see how free enterprise and investment would work in China. The strategy was also intended to turn Shenzhen into a national manufacturing hub. The SEC program introduced new policies for investing, gaining approvals, and labor regulations to promote business. Telecom equipment manufacturers Huawei and ZTE are both based there.

Another SEC, in the northeastern city of Tianjin, gained substantial business from Motorola, which invested in that city and employs many of its residents.

Separate from the SECs, China is also directing industry to particular regions within the country. The city of Dalian in northeastern China has been turned into a software development center, with plans for it to handle software outsourcing from Japan and Korea nearby, or from Australia, Europe, and North America. The state-owned Neusoft handles much of the outsourcing work.

“You might not see on Chinese documents that this is China’s software city, but it is clear the Chinese have pushed companies to Dalian” for software development, said Paul Taylor, a commercial officer for the Beijing-based US Department of Commerce International Trade Association.

Despite China’s desires to create a software development outsourcing industry, Taylor said its size and success is dwarfed by India’s, and by comparison, “almost doesn’t exist,” he said. The sense of unfulfilled potential creates a “lot of incentive for companies to do software development” in the country, he said.

Beijing: The heart of IT

The country’s capital city, Beijing, has become the country’s most vital software and IT center, its development supported by Beijing University and Qinghua University, two highly rated schools for science and engineering. Both are located in the Zhongguangcun area, considered the Silicon Valley of China.

Taylor characterizes the Zhongguangcun as “the soul of the IT market.” Microsoft’s $300 million research group is headquartered here for the same reason, supported by affiliated research facilities based in Shanghai and Shenzhen, as well as in Taipei, Tokyo, Seoul, Sidney, and Bangkok.

China’s universities play a substantial business development role and own many companies spun out of campus-originated work. Any individual or IT company wanting to come to China to develop business “needs to be aware of the universities and understand partnership opportunities with these schools,” Taylor advised.

Faculty members have close ties with the companies spun out of these schools, so establishing relationships with them is essential. University professors also help students find jobs and companies find employees, Taylor said.

Manufacturing regions

The other areas in China that are important for IT are manufacturing centers. One of these is the Pearl River Delta, a region home to Shenzhen and Guangdon Province, which includes the capital city of Guangzhou and Zhuhai, near Hong Kong and Macau. Many businesses from Hong Kong have established their factories in Zhuhai to take advantage of its labor force. Most of the investment in Pearl River Delta business comes from Hong Kong. The Yangtze River Delta, where Shanghai is located, includes the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Much of the business investment comes from nearby Taiwan.

Hangzhou: Self-made tech city

Hangzhou has evolved independently of government initiatives. The tourist city near Shanghai has evolved into an IT destination and Web development hub under the leadership of Jack Ma, a Chinese Internet pioneer and lead founder, chairman, and CEO of Alibaba Group, a global business-to-business, online retail, e-payment platform, social network, and cloud computing service business.

Alibaba’s services have helped local producers in China find overseas buyers for products and in Hangzhou itself, the success of Alibaba’s Internet businesses and its efforts to incubate talent have helped turn Hangzhou into a hub of new entrepreneurial companies formed by former Alibaba employees who are spinning their own software businesses out of the company.

“All of this has come up from the ground rather than the top down. It bubbled up because Jack Ma
grew up in Hangzhou and set up a company there,” Taylor explained.

“It is a progression,” he said. “It is a natural way for a city to become an IT destination.”

Investment in other regions

In the last decade or so China has also invested in second-tier cities and cities in the western provinces in order to bring its businesses closer to its workforce and to develop products near their markets to facilitate distribution.

One important regional city is Xi’an, a high-tech industrial zone attracting foreign investment. Xi’an ranks third after Beijing and Shanghai in terms of scientific and technological strength in China, and first among medium and large cities in terms of the density of technicians. Its key industries include electronic information, optic-mechanic-electric integration, biomedicine, new energy, and new materials.

Dalian is another second-tier city benefiting from new investments. While the government initially pursued that city as a software hub, this city is becoming a manufacturing center, thanks to Intel. The semiconductor manufacturer has committed $2.5 billion to the project–the largest single investment ever made in China by a foreign firm—to build a silicon chip manufacturing plant there.

IT challenges for computer professionals

For all the opportunity in China, there are still challenges for those who want to pursue IT opportunities. Understanding local markets is an ongoing challenge and determining the wants and needs of the sophisticated consumer base is more difficult than in mainstream markets. The cutting-edge market, combined with the pace of innovation and market growth, mean that succeeding in the Chinese market will put even the best of companies to the test, Zhang said.

Protecting one’s intellectual property is another well-known issue. The country has made some improvements in its patent laws to address this and, because it became fifth-ranked internationally in the number of patents filed in 2009, it has more reason now to respect IP. But the circumstances are still risky.

Taylor advises anyone doing business in China to make sure they’ve protected their trade secrets, marks, and brands. His recommendations: Work with partners you know and trust. If you don’t have a partner in the country, partner with a Taiwanese company that has relationships in China and understands the market to help protect your IP. Make sure your partner’s interests are aligned with yours and set up a joint venture so that your partner has as much reason to protect your ideas as you do. CW (28 June, 2010)

标题: IEEE本地和城域网标准 – 第16部分: 固定和移动宽带无线接入系统的空接口 – 修正案: 高级空接口
Title: IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks – Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Systems – Amendment: Advanced Air Interface
Scope: This standard amends the IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN-OFDMA specification to provide an advanced air interface for operation in licensed bands. It meets the cellular layer requirements of IMT-Advanced next generation mobile networks. This amendment provides continuing support for legacy WirelessMAN-OFDMA equipment.
Purpose: The purpose of this standard is to provide performance improvements necessary to support future advanced services and applications, such as those described by the ITU in Report ITU-R M.2072.

该项投票2010年7月9日结束.

有需要该标准文本或那个ITU2072报告的同行可以联系我.

美中不足的是，Mystique配置界面中主菜单只能在无、链接、页面、分类目录和自定义菜单中做单选，我希望能把分类目录和自定义菜单并存，一起显示出来。可惜作者没有设计这样的功能。Hacking的真谛就是要自己动手，当然还有无私分享。下面我就贴出我的做法：

先来看看core.php中相关功能实现函数

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// print the main navigation menu
function mystique_navigation() {
  $navtype = get_mystique_option('navigation');
  if($navtype): ?>
 
   <div class="shadow-left">
   <div class="shadow-right clearfix">
   <?php
    $nav_extra = apply_filters("mystique_navigation_extra", '');  // check for new icons and output
    if($nav_extra) echo '<p class="nav-extra">'.$nav_extra.'</p>';  ?>
 
   <ul id="navigation" class="clearfix">
     <?php
      if((get_option('show_on_front')<>'page') && get_mystique_option('exclude_home')<>'1'):
       if(is_home() && !is_paged()): ?>
        <li class="active home"><a class="home active fadeThis" href="<?php echo get_settings('home'); ?>" title="<?php _e('You are Home','mystique'); ?>"><span class="title"><?php _e('Home','mystique'); ?></span><span class="pointer"></span></a></li>
       <?php else: ?>
        <li class="home"><a class="home fadeThis" href="<?php echo get_option('home'); ?>" title="<?php _e('Click for Home','mystique'); ?>"><span class="title"><?php _e('Home','mystique'); ?></span><span class="pointer"></span></a></li>
      <?php
       endif;
      endif; ?>
     <?php
       if($navtype=='categories'):
        mystique_list_categories(array('hide_empty' => false, 'exclude' => get_mystique_option('exclude_categories')));
 
       elseif($navtype=='links'):
        $links = get_bookmarks(array(
        'orderby'        => 'name',
        'order'          => 'ASC',
        'limit'          => -1,
        'category'       => null,
        'category_name'  => get_mystique_option('navigation_links'),
        'hide_invisible' => true,
        'show_updated'   => 0,
        'include'        => null,
        'search'         => '.'));
 
        foreach ($links as $link):
         if($link->link_target) $target = ' target="'.wp_specialchars($link->link_target).'"'; else $target = '';
         if($link->link_rel) $rel = ' rel="'.wp_specialchars($link->link_rel).'"'; else $rel = '';
         if($link->link_description) $title = ' title="'.wp_specialchars($link->link_description).'"'; else $title = '';
         echo '<li><a class="fadeThis" href="'.$link->link_url.'"'.$target.$rel.$title.'><span class="title">'.$link->link_name.'</span><span class="pointer"></span></a><li>';
        endforeach;
 
       else:
        mystique_list_pages(array('exclude' => get_mystique_option('exclude_pages'), 'sort_column' => 'menu_order'));
       endif;
 
       do_action('mystique_navigation'); ?>
   </ul>
   </div>
   </div>
  <?php endif;
}

可以看出，作者整体设计的时候，就没有想要让用户做复选，在条件判断中使用了连续的if … elseif… 实现。

我采用了一个偷懒的方法仅把

1

if($navtype=='categories'):

注释掉，然后把接下来的

1

 elseif($navtype=='links'):

改成

1

 if($navtype=='links'):

就可以啦。 ]]> http://zhuwenhao.com/480/%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af/%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%92%8c%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99%e7%b1%bb/%e4%bf%ae%e6%94%b9%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98%e6%94%af%e6%8c%81%e4%b8%a4%e7%a7%8d%e8%8f%9c%e5%8d%95%e5%b9%b6%e5%ad%98/feed/ 0 http://zhuwenhao.com/477/%e9%9a%8f%e7%ac%94/wordpress-3-0-%e5%8d%87%e7%ba%a7%e4%bc%9a%e6%90%9e%e4%b9%b1%e5%9b%ba%e5%ae%9a%e9%93%be%e6%8e%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f/ http://zhuwenhao.com/477/%e9%9a%8f%e7%ac%94/wordpress-3-0-%e5%8d%87%e7%ba%a7%e4%bc%9a%e6%90%9e%e4%b9%b1%e5%9b%ba%e5%ae%9a%e9%93%be%e6%8e%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f/#comments Mon, 28 Jun 2010 13:44:37 +0000 朱文昊 Albert Zhu http://zhuwenhao.com/?p=477 血的教训啊。WordPress 升级到3.0版本的时候，一切似乎很正常，但是却悄悄的把永久链接的格式给搞乱了，我以前设定是用Post_id做为第一个参数，现在默认为/blog/，才过两天，出现一堆404错误，访问量骤降。赶紧把格式改回原来的。希望早日恢复正常。

为所有查找资料来我站，又遇到404错误的用户表示深深的歉意！